Manufacturing problem in cold cream preparation.

Ø     Formation of water and oil pocket

Causes:

·         Improper mixing

·         Difference of temperature of two phases.

·         Improper use of emulsifying agents.

Prevention:

·         Maintaining optimum temperature of both phase.

·         Using proper emulsifying agents

Ø     Phase separation:

Causes

·         Improper ratio of phase

·         Presence of electrolyte.

·         Improper mixing of borax by decreasing of mixing tie.

·         Increase temperature.

Prevention:

·         Desired ratio should be maintain.

·         Proper mixing of borax slowly.

·         Maintaining optimum temperature

Ø     Presence of granules:

Causes:

·         Increased temperature of one phase than another.

·         Decreased cooling time.

·         Un-uniform and insufficient mixing.

Prevention:

·         Temperature of both phase should be equal.

·         Mixing should be uniform and sufficient.

·         Avoiding rapid cooling.

Ø     Consistency of cold cream:

Causes:

·         Evaporation of water from the preparation.

·         Large time difference between mixing and packaging.

Prevention:

• Prevention of water from evaporation..
• Addition of some extra water than calculated amount.
• Filling should be done immediately after mixing two phases.

Ø     Miscellaneous:

Causes:

·         Temperature fluctuation.

·         pH differences.

Prevention:

·         Should maintain optimum temperature throughout the process..

·         Should maintain optimum pH..